System of ventilation



May 1, 1-923. 7 1,453,328 J. SMILLIE SYSTEM OF VENTILATION Filed Nov. 12, 1920 ZSheecs-Sheet 1 i WlTNESSES: INVENTOR my ii I v I .f'zmas' Jmi/h'e May I, 1923.

J. SMILLIE SYSTEM OF VENTILATION 2, Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 12, 1920 *fi INVENTO'R J6me; 5/721 Wl TNESSES: wf

/ ATTORNEY Patented May 1, 1923 q UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES SMILLIE, OF STRETFORD, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOB. T WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC &, MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

SYSTEM OF VENTILATION.

Application filed November 12, 1920.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES SMILLIE, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Stretford, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Systems of Ventilation, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to ventilation and it has particular relation to apparatus for the ventilation of electrical or other machines or apparatus in which a circulation of air into and out of the machine for the purpose of cooling and ventilating the same is effected through openings arranged in the base of the machine at each end thereof and at the central portion respectively.

Heretofore, it has been customary in ap paratus of this type to provide air passages or ducts exterior to the machine which communicate with the openings in the base thereof and which also communicate with the external atmosphere.

Shutters or dampers have been. provided in the passages by the manipulation of which air may be caused either to circulate in a closed circuit through the machine. being cooled bypassing through suitable cooling devices. or it may be admitted from, and exhausted to. the atmosphere.

The object of my invention is to provide improved means for changing the air circulation from a closed circuit to a free or open circuit as above set forth.

According to my invention. the air outlet of the machine to be ventilated communicates with a downwardly extending passage or duct which terminates in a vertical open ing in. which the air cooling devices are located. Opposite to the exit side of the cooling devices. namely that side from which the air emerges after having passed through the cooling devices. is a chamber hereinafter for convenience termed the vestihule. which communicates with a passage leading to the openings at the ends of the machine when a closed air circuit is required. and with passages leading to the external atmosphere when a free or open air circuit is necessary. The communication between the vestibule and the air passages is controlled bv doors or shutters. which may be arranged in various ways. and are operatively connected by bevel, gearing or links. for example. in such a manner that they may be operated simul- Serial No. 423,598.

taneously by the movement of a single operating handle.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. l is a view partly in elevation and partly in section. showing an embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line II-II of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, of a modified form of my invention.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line IVIV of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a view. partly in elevation and partly in section. showing another modified form of my invention.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on line VI-VI of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a view. partly in elevation and partly in section. of another modification.

Fig. 8 is a horizontal section on line VUT-VIII of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a view. partly in elevation and partly in section. of a further modified form of my invention.

Fig. 10 is a horizontal section on line XX of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a view. partly in elevation and partly in section. of another modified form of my invention.

Fig. 12 is a view in horizontal section on line XIIXII of Fig. 11.

In each of Figs. 1. 3, 5. 7. 9 and 11, a machine to be ventilated. which is indicated at l. is provided with an outlet opening 2 located centrally of the base. The opening 2 communicates with a downwardly extending passage or duct 3 provided with a vertical opening 4. in which air cooling devices 5 are removably disposed. The vestibule opposite to the exit side of the cooling devices 5 is indicated at 6. The inlet openings of the machine are arranged at the ends thereof as indicated at 7 and 8.

Referring now to Figs. .1 and 2. the vestibule 6 opens at its top and bottom into upper and lower passages 9 and 10. respectively. The upper passage 9 leads directly to the air inlet 8 and the lower passage 10 communi ates with a curved passage adjacent to the bottom thereof which. in turn. communicates with an inclined passage 11 leading to the air inlet 7 Horizontal passages 12 and 1% connect the upper and lower passages 9 and. 10 respectively with the external atmosphere. The vestibule 6 also communicates with horizontal lateral passages lei. 15 leading to the atmosphere.

Horizontally hinged doors or dampers 16 and 17 are arranged at the top and bottom of the vestibule 6 in such manner that, in one position, the doors are substantially vertical and the openings 9 and it) are open to the vestibule while the passages 12 and 13 are closed. In a second position. the doors or dampers are substantially horizontal and the openings 9 and i are closed to the vestibule but open to the passages 12 and 13, respectively. Doors 18 and 19 are also provided at the sides of the vestibule 6 by means of which the lateral passages i i and 15 may be open or closed to the vestibule as desired.

It will be apparent that when the doors l6 and 17 are in their vertical open positions and the doors 1S and 19 are closed. air will be circulated through the machine down the duct 3, through the cooling devices into the vestibule 6, an d thence to the upper and lower passages 9 and which lead to the air inlets 7 and 8 of the machine. A closed air circulation will consequently he estaliilished.

It the doors l6 and 17 occupy their horizontal positions and the doors i8 and 19 are open, air will pass from the atmosphere through the inlets 12 and 13 to the upper and lower passages 9 and ill and thence to the airinlets 7 and 8 oi the machine. From the outlet 2 of the machine, air may pass down the duct through the cooling devices to the vestibule (3 and out to the atm sphere through the lateral passages i l and A. free circulation of air will thus be estaliilished.

In Fig. l. the doors are all arranged to be operated by a single handle 20 which shown as directly connected to and operating the door 17 which is provided with an extended pivot or shaft 21 to which the handle 20, is attached. The shat't 2i rovided with bevel gears 22 and L3 which ongage with bevel gears 2i and at the bottom oi vertical shaits 26 and 27 on which the doors 18 and 19 are n'iounted. The upper extremities of thever'tical shafts 26 and. 2-7 are provided with bevel gears 28 which mesh with similar gears 29 mounted on a horizontal shaft 530 which "forms the pivot oi' the door 16.

It will be readily seen, therefore. that the operation of the handle 20 will cause all oithe four doors to be moved sin'iultaneously to open or to close the respective openings as desired. The doors may be mounted 511 their pivotal shafts in such manner that. wheat-he horizontal passages 12 and it are closed by the doorsv l6 and 1'7, the lateral passages 14 and will also he closed bv the doors i8 and 19. Vl hen the passages and 11.3 are open, however, that is to say. when the doors l6 and ii" are in their horizontal positions. the doors l8 and it) will be closed. in the drawings the passages l2 and ii are shown as forming portions of one large horizontal pass-a ironi which they are separated by partitions 5i and 32.

The central portion 53 oi the passage is chased either by an external or internal door which is only opened for inspection purposes. In the (hiawing. all the doors are shown in their intermediate positii'ms. that is to say, neither i ully opcn nor entirely closed.

The arrangementshown in ii and -.iis very similar to that of Figs. 1 and. 2 but in lieu of connecting the horizontal pivot 30 or shai't ot the door 16 to the vertical pivot 26 through the medium of the bevel gears 28 and $29, the pivot 30 is provided with an arm 3% which is so connected by a cross link 35 to the handle lever that the operation of the handle to rotate the horizontal pivot 21 will also cause the rotation of the horizontal pivot 30.

In Figs. 5 and G the handle is arranged on the shai t and directly operates the door 17. The shaiit is provided with an arm M which is connected to the handle 20 by a link for simultanei'ius operation. The doors 18 and 19 are so connected to the bottom door 17 by links 36 and 531', that when the doors 16 and 17 are in their horizontal positions, the doors 18 and ill will be open. lVhen the door 17 is moved to its vertical position. it closes the passage iii. and simultaneously closes the doors l8 and 19. It will be seen that. in this latter arrangement. the use oi" bevel gears is entirely avoided.

Referring now to Figs. 7 and 8. the lateral passages ii: and iii are not used as exit passages T01 the discharge oi? air to the atmosphere, but are ordinarily closed by means oi doors 39 and 39 which can be opened when desired to give access to the vestibule for inspection. or cleaning purposes. The central pass: 3. 40. which is located between the passages 12 and iii, is utilized as an outlet passage to the atn'iosphere.

Doors 4i and 4-2 are mounted on the horizontal shai ts 30 and, 31. upon which the doors 1(3 and 17 are mounted. The doois 4-1. and 4-2 are of such dimensions that. when they occupy the positions indicated by iull lines in the drawing. the doors it) and i7 close communication l'iet-ween the upper and lower passages 9 and 10 and the vestibule 6. In this position. the doors 4 1. and 42 are open to permit air to pass from the atmosphere through the passages 12 and 13 to the air inlet channels 9 and 10 and permitting air that issues from the passage 3 to discharge from the vestibule 6 through the outlet pas- ,sa 4:0 to the atmosphere.

When the doors i6 and 17 are rotated to Sll Sij

' ioo 'iacthe position indicated by dotted lines, the passages 12 and 13 will be closed and communication will be established between the vestibule 6 and the air inlet passages 9 and 10. In this position, the doors ll and Jr; close the outlet 40 and consequently a closed circulation for the air through the machine to be ventilated will be effected. An operating handle 20 is provided on the shaft 21 and is so connected, by a' link a3, to an arm 4% on the shaft 30 that the doors may all be operated simultaneously by the manipulation of the operating lever 20.

The movement of the shaft 91 may, if desired, be transmitted to the shaft 30 by means of a vertical shaft provided with bevel gears in lieu of the link connections above set forth.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 9 and 10, a plurality of superposed passages 45 and 46 establish communication between the vestibule 6 and the atmosphere. A double door L7 horizontally pivoted at the junction of the passages 15 and 46 is so arranged that, in one position, which is that indicated by broken lines in the drawing, it closes both of said passages. In the position indicated by full lines, the upper passage 45 is open to the vestibule 6 and the lower passage 46 closed thereto but in communication with the passage 10.

A second door 48 is provided at the top of the vestibule 6 which, as shown in broken lines, opens the vestibule to the air inlet passage 9 and in the position shown in full lines closes the passage thereto. The door 47 is operated by a handle 20 mounted on a horizontal shaft 49 and is so connected by a link 50 with the door 48 as to operate it simultaneously.

It will be observed that in the positions of the doors, shown in broken lines, a closed circulation. of air is provided through the machine to he ventilated. I Vhen. however. the doors occupy the position indicated by full lines. air may pass from the atmosphere through the passage 46 to the inlet passage 10 and thence through the upwardly as cending passage 11 direct to the inlet opening 7 of the machine.

In order that air can pass also to the inlet opening 8, horizontal longitudinal passages 51 are provided below the base of the machine on each side of the downwardly extending passage 3 which afford communication between the upper part of the passage 11 and the inlet channel 9. In this arrangement lateral passages communicating with the vestibule are not required, but passages 52 and 53 may be provided at each end of the cooling devices to afford access there to or to permit the same to be removed when desired.

Referring now to Figs. 11 and 12., the vestibule 6 is arranged to communicate with the downwardly extending passage 10 leading to the upwardly extending passage 11. A single comparatively large passage 5a extends from the front of the vestibule 6 to the atmosphere. A door or damper 55 is preferably pivoted horizontally in the passage 54 in front of the vestible 6 and, when in vertical position, as shown in full lines in the drawing, cuts off the vestibule entirely from the atmosphere and a closed air circuit is thereby effected. hen the door 55 is in its closed position. the air passes from the machine to the channel 3, through the cooling devices 5 to the vestibule 6, and from thence through the passages 10, 11 and 51 direct to the inlet openings 7 and 8 of the machine.

When the door 55 is moved by means of the handle 56 to a horizontal position, as indicated by broken lines, it divides the air passage 54 into two separate passages, the upper passage communicating with the vestibule and the lower one communicating with the channel 10. In this position, the dOOr serves to so separate the vestibule 6 from the channel 10 that an open air circuit will be established, the air having ingress below the door 55 and egress by the passage above it.

In the above description, it has been assumed that the air inlets are arranged at the ends of the machine and the outlet intermediate its ends. It is obvious, however, that the same arrangements may be employed with the circulation of air arranged in the opposite direction, in which event. the outlet duct becomes the inlet duct and the inlet ducts are employed as the outlets. the air passing through the cooling devices and through the vestibule in the reverse direction.

I claim as my invention:

1. A system of ventilation comprising a dynamo-electric machine, a plurality of ducts communicating therewith, cooling means disposed adjacent said ducts, and a plurality of valve elements certain portions of which are adapted to be moved to open and close certain ducts and certain other portions thereof adapted to coact to open and close another duct to effect either an open or closed circulation of a cooling medium through said machine.

2. A system of ventilation comprising a dynamo-electro machine, a plurality of ducts communicating therewith, cooling means disposed adjacent said ducts. and a plurality of coacting simultaneously movable valve elements adapted to be so moved that certain portions thereof open and close certain of said ducts and certain other portions being adapted to co-operate to open and close another single duct to effect either an open or a closed circulation of a cooling medium through said machine.

3. A system of Ventilation comprising a dynamo-electric machine, a plurality of ducts communicating therewith, cooling means removably disposed adjacent said duets, a plurality of shafts mounted adjacent said cooling means, bevel gears operatively connecting said shafts, a plurality of coacting dampers carried by said shafts and adapted to be so moved as to open or close the communication with said machine through said cooling means to effect an open or closed circulation of the cooling medium through said machine, and means for simultaneously actuating said dampers.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this thirteenth day of October 1920.

JAMES SMILLIE. 

